Total 2,276 Science / R&D / Research job vacancies

Position Purpose

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurants Responsibilities Menu Execution and Delivery

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality ofdelivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern andkitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiencyQuality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safetyPeople Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Position Purpose

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurantsResponsibilities• Menu Execution and Delivery

• Understand food cost models and how these impact profitability of restaurants

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu

• Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality of delivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern and kitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff

• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiencyQuality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety People Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Responsibilities

Restaurant Operations

o Execute assigned area of responsibility (e.g. greeter, runner, bartender, cashier) based on SOP

o Set up restaurant for service day, which include but not limiting to checking on availability of food item and special menu, guest reservation status, service area set-up, cash register and payment machines

o Provide service to customers

o Execute proper cash management

o Preparation and serving of all drinks, beverages and dessert items

Restaurant Management & Planning

o Address customers’ complaints in accordance to guidelines and to escalate issues to supervisors when necessary

o Identify and report all potential problems and to provide recommendations pertaining to the provision of services, food quality and cleanliness

Quality Assurance & Control

o Comply with SOP and safety requirements

o Ensure quality of food is up to the prescribed standard

o Ensure safety and hygiene standards are maintained by inspecting and cleaning of all utensils and restaurant area

o Identify and report unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors pertaining to personal and food safety

People Management

o Perform as a reliable team member and communicate clearly and audibly.

Position Purpose

• Carry out specific range of operation tasks within clearly defined SOP (standard operating procedures)

• Work independently and as a reliable team member, carrying out assigned task and know when to request for help or advice

Responsibilities

• Restaurant Operations

• Execute assigned area of responsibility (e.g. greeter, runner, bartender, cashier) based on SOP

• Set up restaurant for service day, which include but not limiting to checking on availability of food item and special menu, guest reservation status, service area set-up, cash register and payment machines

• Provide service to customers

• Execute proper cash management

• Preparation and serving of all drinks, beverages and dessert items

Restaurant Management & Planning

• Address customers’ complaints in accordance to guidelines and to escalate issues to supervisors when necessary

• Identify and report all potential problems and to provide recommendations pertaining to the provision of services, food quality and cleanliness

Quality Assurance & Control

• Comply with SOP and safety requirements

• Ensure quality of food is up to the prescribed standard

• Ensure safety and hygiene standards are maintained by inspecting and cleaning of all utensils and restaurant area

• Identify and report unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors pertaining to personal and food safety

People Management

• Perform as a reliable team member and communicate clearly and audibly

Operational:

• Oversee and manage daily production operations of Bakery / Donut ensuring efficiency, Food quality, and FSSC compliance.

• Plan and control production schedules to ensure efficient workflow and in line with production goals and seasonal Promotional demands.

• Lead, supervise, train, and evaluate production leaders and production staff.

• Manage and oversee manpower planning, shift scheduling, attendance, and productivity. (Oven, Mixing, Table, Fillings & Danish, Deco etc…)

• Identify and troubleshoot production issues, bottlenecks, and implement corrective and preventive actions without compromising quality. Including regulatory compliance issues.

• Ensure all new product and seasonal items launches on schedule.

• Stock Management

• Good and prompt communication skill with all respective department on daily operational issues. 

Food Quality & Food Safety

• Establish and enforce standard operating procedures (SOPs) for food safety, hygiene, production efficiency, and quality assurance.

• Ensure adherence to food safety and workplace safety standards (SFA, HACCP, FSSC, ISO 22000, GMP regulatory standards)

• Identify and troubleshoot food safety issue and quality improvement plans.

• Co-lead audits, inspections, and certification requirements when required.   

People Management

• Demonstrates strong leadership, good people handling management skills.

• Able to motivate and guide others to achieve company’s objective.

• Coach and provide feedback to staff on product Quality.

• Conducting staff performance appraisal

• Ensuring that production staff work place safety

Job Requirements:

Min 5-8 years Professional baking experience or experience in food manufacturing.

Hot kitchen experience will be advantage.

Strong knowledge in Central kitchen production of breads, pastries, cakes and Donuts products.

Required to work the whole exhibition period from 25 May 2026 to 3 January 2027

Location:
Science Centre Singapore (At Jurong East)

Duties:

• Support the exhibition team with daily operational tasks
• Monitor exhibit areas to ensure a safe and engaging experience for visitors
• Assist with crowd management and maintain smooth visitor flow throughout the exhibition
• Provide basic information about exhibits when approached by visitors
• Conduct regular checks to ensure exhibits are in working condition and report any technical issues
• Support event logistics such as queue management, handing out materials, or activity facilitation where required
• Maintain cleanliness and organisation of exhibition areas
• Share curated narratives that help visitors understand the key themes of the exhibition
• Answer visitor questions and facilitate interactive experiences where applicable
• Provide excellent visitor service by creating a welcoming and informative atmosphere

Working Hour:
The roster will follow a 5 days work week and may include weekends

9.30am to 5.30pm

Salary:
$10.50/h

Thank you!

Toh Kim Leng (Glendon)
Cornerstone Global Partners
EA: 19C9859
Reg no: R1982182

Position Purpose:

• Prepare Authentic Japanese Cuisine

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering.

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards.

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies.

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers.

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurants.

Responsibilities:

• Menu Execution and Delivery

• Understand food cost models and how these impact profitability of restaurants

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu

• Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality of delivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern and kitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff

• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiency

• Quality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety

• People Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Requirement:

• Must be able to speak fluent Japanese

1. Perform daily periodic checks of Central Kitchen to ensure compliance to in-house GMP/GHP standards, SOP, Product Specifications, etc.

2. Conduct random checks on incoming raw materials, and perform product cutting on raw materials to ensure goods received are within in-house specifications.

3. Ensure Process Verification and Validation exercise are completed (i.e. SOP/CCP verification, new product launch process observation, monthly facility checks, monthly traceability exercise, finished goods shelf-life verification, etc.)

4. Conduct investigations on product/process non-conformance (on-line and customer complaints) and follow-up on proposed corrective/preventive measures to ensure effectiveness.

5. Promptly follow-up with contractors (chemical/pest control) during routine servicing to ensure work orders are conducted as per contract.

6. Participate and engage in quality system implementation (audit activities by regulatory/certification bodies and customers).

7. Conduct data/trend analysis on non-conformity of raw material/finished goods, pest reporting statistics, monthly production and facility check statistics, etc. for process and quality improvement.

8. Ensure analysis of food products via microbiological and physical testing, calibration of lab equipment and measurement tools, internal sensory evaluation are conducted as per schedule.

9. Report all non-conformances, discrepancies and/or deviations, and follow-up on the investigation of the non-conformity results.

10. Other projects as assigned.

Oversee the Kaseiki counter

Sashimi and Sushi expert

Manage Kitchen staff

Control Kitchen cost and achieve P&L

Manage safety and hygiene

Manpower planning and scheduling

Able to speak fluent Japanese with customer

This person must have strong Japanese fine dining cuisine experience and omakase experience

Job Description

• Industry/ Organization Type: Food Manufacturing
• Position Title: R&D Assistant (Food Industry)
• Working Location: Woodlands (Nearest MRT: Admiralty)
• Working Hours: 5 days (Monday - Friday: 8.30 AM – 5.30 PM)
• Salary Package: Basic Salary + AWS + Bonus
• Duration: Permanent Role

Key Responsibilities

• Support the R&D team with seasoning mixing, new product development, and how products are used.
• Support monthly work on new seasonings or new application methods and help prepare promotional items and presentations.
• Request new raw materials or flavours through the Purchasing team, and manage their registration, documentation, and evaluation.
• Perform QC checks (sensory and visual) on finished products from the seasoning line and on incoming or new raw materials.
• Review and compare current and alternative food ingredients.
• Maintain the R&D lab and keep it clean.
• Carry out plant hygiene checks.
• Support HACCP and Halal systems, including upkeep and documentation.
• Do other tasks assigned by the Company when needed.

APPLY NOW!!!

• Minimum Diploma in Food Science or equivalent.
• Preferably at least 1 year of relevant work experience.
• Candidates without relevant experience are welcome to apply; training will be provided.

Kindly apply through ANY of the following methods:

• Submit your application by clicking the APPLY button;
• Email your resume to Job@anradus.com.sg. Please indicate #81651 on the email subject.

Anradus Application Policy: We value each application and ensure every resume is reviewed. Our process is efficient, typically concluding within 3 working days. If you do not receive communication from us within this timeframe, it's likely that your application has not been shortlisted by our client. In such cases, we recommend continuing your job search to maximize your opportunities.

Anradus Pte Ltd | EA License No. 20C0161 | Angel Lim | EA Reg No.: R1769781

Position Purpose:

• Prepare Authentic Japanese Cuisine

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering.

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards.

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies.

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers.

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurants.

Responsibilities:

• Menu Execution and Delivery

• Understand food cost models and how these impact profitability of restaurants

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu

• Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality of delivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern and kitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff

• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiency

• Quality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety

• People Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Requirement:

• Must be able to speak fluent Japanese

Position Purpose

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurants

Responsibilities

• Menu Execution and Delivery

• Understand food cost models and how these impact profitability of restaurants

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu

• Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality of delivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern and kitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff

• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiency

• Quality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety

• People Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Position Purpose

• Lead the kitchen operation team to prepare and deliver quality menu in accordance to concept offering

• Oversee the implementation of processes and guidelines in Kitchen Operations

• Train & develop kitchen staff in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards

• Position kitchen staff according to operation needs to maximize kitchen efficiencies

• Manage quality and level of kitchen inventory as well as products delivered from suppliers

• Understand food cost models and how these impact the profitability of the restaurants

Responsibilities

• Menu Execution and Delivery

• Understand food cost models and how these impact profitability of restaurants

• Supervise stations to deliver orders in accordance to defined cooking processes, recipe and health & safety standard

• Conduct final check on finished product to ensure that food quality and presentation are in accordance to specifications of the menu

• Kitchen Processes and Concept Development

• Manage kitchen inventory levels and quality by placing orders for all food and kitchen supplies based on projected store demand endorsed by chef; and upon delivery, check to ensure quality of delivered supplies

• To support the projection and ordering of food and kitchen supplies by providing inventory report detailing usage & stock level, wastage and product shelf life while considering sales pattern and kitchen storage capacity

• Oversee the setting up and cleaning of stations by staff

• Oversee workflow for stations to ensure that processes adhered to specifications and guide line and to provide recommendations to improve efficiency

• Quality Assurance & Control

• Investigate causes and reasons for customer complaints pertaining to food quality

• Oversee operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines

• Oversee preparation of all food in accordance to SOPs to ensure and maintain consistent food quality

• Oversee overall kitchen cleanliness and sanitary conditions and to ensure all kitchen equipment are in good working condition

• Take corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety

• People Management

• Lead team by providing guidance, support and motivation

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions

• Train and develop kitchen and kaiten staffs in the preparation of all meals to the highest quality standards while adhering to SOPs and workplace safety practices

• Carry out team management activities, including and not limited to appraisals, handling disciplinary issues and holding communication sessions in conjunction with immediate supervisor

• Carry out team management conversation with team members, including and not limited to doing appraisals and personal improvement plans in conjunction with immediate supervisor

Position Purpose

• Provide guidance and day-to-day training to staff within assigned area
• Carry out day-to-day operations in managing floor control to maintain & improve quality, service cleanliness & ambience
• Manage and coordinate activities with people, products and equipment to maximize sales and profitResponsibilities

Restaurant Operations

• Lead a team of service staff within assigned unit by allocating tasks and roles for individuals in the service team
• Check readiness of restaurant for service day and brief service crew on staffing roster for service day
• Manage customer flow and seating arrangement
• Oversee the service rendered by the team to ensure it meets the quality, service, cleanliness and values standards and to address lapses in service quality when necessary
• Manage cash floats, audit rolls, and provide technical troubleshoot for cash register errors when necessary
• Ensure documentation of all cash shortage and surplus in record book and to tally payment collection

Restaurant Management & Planning

• Act as point of escalation for service crew regarding service issues
• Resolve day-to-day operation issues as and when it occurs and to provide support as necessary to ensure service crew are able to carry out assigned task
• Lead investigation and resolution of all complex customer complaints and/or feedback in a timely and efficient manner

Quality Assurance & Control

• Enforce restaurant quality, service, cleanliness and value standards
• Monitor operations to ensure compliance with all safety procedures and guidelines in the restaurant
• Implement corrective actions to resolve unsafe and/or non-compliant conditions and behaviors regarding personal and food safety

People Management

• Conduct induction for new hires to provide them with the necessary skills and information to carry out roles and functions
• Provide training to encourage role rotation amongst service staff
• Train and monitor staff in the company SOPs (standard operating procedures)
• Ensure workplace safety practices

Job profile:

Research Assistant - HumanSciences Methodology for Agent-Based Modelling

DesCartes Programme WP1× WP6

Context

The DesCartes Programme, led by CNRS@CREATE in Singapore, brings together AI, engineering and human sciences to design trustworthy hybrid AI systems. In partnership with the National University Health System (NUHS), WP1 (Agent-Based Modelling) and WP6 (Ethics of Autonomy and Care in AI Decision-Making) are jointly developing an agent-based model (ABM) to support the redesign of selected NUH services. Grounding this model in empirically rich descriptions of care practices, patient trajectories and staff routines requires dedicated field-based human sciences work.

Mission

Working at the interface between WP1 and WP6, the Research Assistant will contribute to the design and implementation of human sciences methodology feeding into the ABM.Main tasks:

- Design and conduct field observations.

- Prepare and carry out semi-structured interviews with healthcare staff, patients and caregivers; transcribe and analyse the material (thematic/qualitative analysis).

- Translate qualitative findings into structured inputs for the ABM in close collaboration with the WP1 modelling team.

- Participate in joint WP1-WP6 meetings, internal reports, and co-author scientific outputs.

Profile

- Master's degree (or equivalent) in psychology, sociology, anthropology, public health, human factors, cognitive science or related field.

- Solid training in qualitative methods.

- Interest in interdisciplinary work with computer scientists/modellers; basic familiarity with ABM or simulation approaches is a strong asset.

- Experience in clinical / hospital environments is a plus.

- Excellent working English; additional languages spoken in Singapore (Mandarin, Malay, Tamil) are appreciated.

- Autonomy, rigour, strong interpersonal and writing skills.

Practical Information

- Location: Singapore, CREATE Tower,

- Contract type & duration: 6 months, possibility of extension

- Start date: mid-July

- Salary: range, SGD5,500 - SGD7,200

- Supervision: Prof. Bahia Guellai (WP6) and Blaise Genest (WP1)

Application

Please send a CV, a short cover letter and the contact details of two referees to bahia.guellai@cnrsatcreate.sg, with the subject line RA - WP1×WP6. Applications will be reviewed on a rolling basis until the job is filled.