Total 117 financial advisor job vacancies

Perks & Benefits

• Commission
• Personal development opportunities
• Remote work flexibility

Flexi Work Arrangements, Essential Financial Knowledge, Attractive Remuneration

We believe in providing a holistic approach in service to our clients, ensuring their needs are met and satisfied in our care. And we believe that it starts with us!

Join our team as a Financial Advisor and enjoy a flexible work setting, comprehensive training, support structure, together with market leading remuneration. This role is ideal for both fresh graduates and those seeking a mid-career switch. Connect with us and embark on a rewarding career in financial advisory

A Day in The Life of a Financial Advisor:

• Client Networking: Establish and grow a robust client base through effective networking and prospecting strategies.
• Financial Strategy Development: Analyze clients' financial situations and goals to create tailored financial strategies.
• Insurance and Financial Advisory: Provide comprehensive advisory on insurance and financial planning, covering areas such as retirement, education, and investments, supported by our extensive product suite.
• Financial Analysis: Presenting detailed financial summaries, investment reports, and income projections for clients.
• Client Relationship Management: Maintain and strengthen client relationships through regular reviews and adjustments to financial plans based on life changes.

Benefits & Rewards:

• 24-months Trainee Program: Provides monthly allowance + commission, supporting you in the first 24 months of your career.
• Extensive Training and Support Structure: Regular workshops, training & sharing sessions within the agency and individual mentorship ensuring support along the way.
• Flexi-Hybrid Work Setting: Enjoy a hybrid work setting with flexible work arrangements.
• Attractive Rewards: We believe in 'work hard, play hard', with incentives for top performers & fun team-bonding events.
• Market-leading Remuneration Structure: Market-leading remuneration package along with an attractive incentive system, including commissions, performance incentives, and up to 3 incentive trips a year.

Qualifications:

• Singaporean / Singapore PR preferred
• Minimum 21 years old with Polytechnic Diploma, GCE 'A' level Certification or Bachelor Degree in any field, as per MAS requirements.
• Highly motivated with strong interpersonal skills

Apply now to find out more!

Flexi Work Arrangements, Essential Financial Knowledge, Attractive Remuneration

We believe in providing a holistic approach in service to our clients, ensuring their needs are met and satisfied in our care. And we believe that it starts with us!

Join our team as a Financial Advisor and enjoy a flexible work setting, comprehensive training, support structure, together with market leading remuneration. This role is ideal for both fresh graduates and those seeking a mid-career switch. Connect with us and embark on a rewarding career in financial advisory

A Day in The Life of a Financial Advisor:

• Client Networking: Establish and grow a robust client base through effective networking and prospecting strategies.
• Financial Strategy Development: Analyze clients' financial situations and goals to create tailored financial strategies.
• Insurance and Financial Advisory: Provide comprehensive advisory on insurance and financial planning, covering areas such as retirement, education, and investments, supported by our extensive product suite.
• Financial Analysis: Presenting detailed financial summaries, investment reports, and income projections for clients.
• Client Relationship Management: Maintain and strengthen client relationships through regular reviews and adjustments to financial plans based on life changes.

Benefits & Rewards:

• 24-months Trainee Program: Provides monthly allowance + commission, supporting you in the first 24 months of your career.
• Extensive Training and Support Structure: Regular workshops, training & sharing sessions within the agency and individual mentorship ensuring support along the way.
• Flexi-Hybrid Work Setting: Enjoy a hybrid work setting with flexible work arrangements.
• Attractive Rewards: We believe in 'work hard, play hard', with incentives for top performers & fun team-bonding events.
• Market-leading Remuneration Structure: Market-leading remuneration package along with an attractive incentive system, including commissions, performance incentives, and up to 3 incentive trips a year.

Qualifications:

• Singaporean / Singapore PR preferred
• Minimum 21 years old with Polytechnic Diploma, GCE 'A' level Certification or Bachelor Degree in any field, as per MAS requirements.
• Highly motivated with strong interpersonal skills

Apply now to find out more!

Job Description:

Financial Reporting, Budgeting and Forecasting

• Oversee all aspects of financial control and reporting for the Group, ensuring compliance with accounting standards, regulatory requirements, and corporate policies.

• Lead the monthly, quarterly, and annual financial close process, including the preparation of financial statements, reconciliations, and variance analysis, to provide accurate and timely financial information to management and stakeholders.

• Conduct in-depth financial analysis to provide insights into business performance and trends, identifying areas for improvement and optimization.

• Lead the preparation of financial reports, presentations, and board materials, communicating financial results, key performance indicators, and strategic recommendations to stakeholders effectively.

• Lead the annual budgeting process, working closely with business heads to develop realistic and actionable financial plans.

• Develop comprehensive financial forecasts to guide strategic decision-making and resource allocation.

• Oversee all aspects of financial planning and analysis, including budgeting, forecasting, variance analysis, and cash flow management, to optimize resource allocation and drive financial performance.

Financial Strategy and Planning

• Develop and implement financial strategies, policies, and procedures to support the Group's short-term and long-term business objectives, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements and best practices.

• Provide strategic financial guidance and decision support to senior management and cross-functional teams, leveraging financial insights to inform business strategy, investment decisions, and operational improvements.

• Develop and implement financial policies, procedures, and internal controls to safeguards company assets, mitigate risks, an ensure integrity of financial reporting.

• Collaborate with executive management to develop and execute financial strategies aligned with company goals and objectives.

• Drive continuous improvement initiatives in financial processes, systems, and controls, leveraging technology and automation to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and scalability.

Internal Controls and Compliance

• Establish and maintain robust internal controls to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and company policies.

• Conduct periodic audits to assess the effectiveness of internal controls and identify areas for enhancement.

• Manage relationships with external stakeholders, including investors, lenders, auditors, and regulatory authorities, ensuring timely and accurate reporting, compliance, and transparency.

Communication and Relationship Management

• Manage relationships with external stakeholders, including auditors, tax authorities, regulatory agencies, and financial institutions, to ensure compliance with local regulations and reporting requirements.

• Provide strategic financial guidance and support to senior management and cross-functional teams, leveraging financial insights to drive operational efficiency, cost optimization, and revenue growth.

Requirements:

• Bachelor’s degree in accounting, finance or related filed

• Minimum of 10 years of progressive experience in financial and statutory reporting, consolidation, taxation and internal controls, preferably in the construction industry.

• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills, with the ability to effectively engage stakeholder at all levels of the organization.

• Inquisitive, meticulous and possess good logical, analytical and process flow skills

• Ability to thrive in a fast-paced, dynamic environment and adapt to changing priorities and deadlines.

If you are shortlisted for the first round of screening, our Recruiter will contact you directly.

EA License No: 21C0571 | EA Reg No:21103634 (Johnny Wu)

Job Title: Financial Adviser

Company / Agency: Affiliated with Prudential Assurance Company Singapore

Location: Singapore

Employment Type: Full-time / Entrepreneurial Track

Job Description

We are seeking a highly motivated, trustworthy, and goal-oriented individual to join our team as a Financial Adviser. In this role, you will act as a dedicated partner to individuals, families, and business owners, helping them navigate their financial journeys. You will analyze their unique financial health, identify protection gaps, and recommend tailored life insurance, savings, health, and investment-linked solutions utilizing Prudential's comprehensive suite of products.

This position offers a clear career progression track towards management, structured mentorship from industry leaders, and performance-based allowances paired with an uncapped commission structure.

Key Responsibilities

• Client Advisory & Needs Analysis: Conduct thorough financial fact-finding consultations to evaluate clients’ assets, liabilities, income, cash flow, and risk tolerance.
• Portfolio Structuring: Design customized wealth protection, accumulation, retirement, and legacy planning strategies using life insurance, health plans, and collective investment schemes.
• Business Development: Actively generate fresh leads through corporate networking, roadshows, physical/digital marketing campaigns, and client referral networks.
• Relationship Management: Build and nurture enduring, trust-based relationships with clients through regular portfolio reviews, adjusting their plans as major life milestones or market shifts occur.
• Compliance & Integrity: Maintain meticulous client records and execute all business dealings in full adherence to the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) regulations and internal company compliance policies.

Job Requirements (Absolute Minimums)

To meet the legal regulatory framework set by MAS and internal compliance to be registered as an Appointed Representative, all applicants must fulfill the following criteria:

1. Age & Nationality

• Minimum Age: Must be at least 21 years old (regulatory requirement).
• Citizenship: Singapore Citizen or Singapore Permanent Resident (SPR).

2. Minimum Academic Qualifications

Applicants must hold at least one of the following certifications (as mandated by MAS Notice FAA-N13):

• A full GCE ‘A’ Level certificate (passes in at least 3 H2 and 2 H1 subjects).
• An International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma.
• A Diploma awarded by a local polytechnic in Singapore.
• A University Degree or higher qualification in any discipline. (Note: Applicants holding qualifications from overseas institutions must provide documentation proving local equivalence).

3. Training, Examination & Licensing Framework

A comprehensive, structured onboarding and licensing programme is provided to all successful candidates. Prior financial experience is not required, as you will undergo fully sponsored training to clear your regulatory requirements:

• Phase 1: Pre-Contract Licensing (Weeks 1–4) Participate in fully sponsored study boot camps and mock exam simulations to clear the mandatory Singapore College of Insurance (SCI) regulatory papers covering wealth protection, financial advisory regulations, and collective investment schemes.
• Phase 2: Product & Practical Sales Competency (Post-Exams) Once regulatory certifications are cleared, you will undergo internal structured onboarding covering proprietary product structures, financial needs analysis, plan construction, and practical client management skills.

(Note: Candidates who already hold valid and active regulatory certification passes will bypass Phase 1 and be fast-tracked for immediate market appointment).

4. Personal Attributes

• Clear credit and financial history, with a clean record free from bankruptcy, criminal background, or regulatory disciplinary actions.
• Highly self-motivated, proactive, and resilient with a strong entrepreneurial mindset.
• Strong interpersonal skills with a commitment to high ethical standards and client confidentiality.

Choosing a career as a Financial Adviser is about building a business for yourself, but not by yourself. This path offers a powerful combination of purpose, independence, and unparalleled financial reward.

• Uncapped Earning Potential: Your income is directly tied to your effort. Enjoy a competitive structured allowance during your initial build phase alongside an industry-leading, uncapped commission structure, performance bonuses, and incentive trips.
• True Autonomy & Flexibility: Take ownership of your career path and schedule. This role offers the entrepreneurial freedom to manage your own working hours and scale your practice at your own pace.
• A Career with Purpose: You will make a tangible, lasting impact on people's lives—helping families secure their livelihoods, funding children’s education, protecting health assets, and structuring comfortable retirements.
• Fast-Track Management Progression: We believe in merit-based advancement. Prove your capabilities, and you can rapidly transition into leadership and agency management roles, building and mentoring your own team of consultants.
• Fully Sponsored Professional Onboarding: You don't need a background in finance to succeed. We invest heavily in your growth, providing fully sponsored training and mentorship to clear your regulatory requirements and fast-track your business setup.

Role Overview

The Financial Controller is responsible foroverseeing the full finance function of the Singapore entity, ensuring accuratefinancial reporting, regulatory compliance, and effective financial management.The role supports both local statutory requirements and group reportingobligations, while providing financial insight to support businessdecision-making across APAC operations.

Key Responsibilities

Financial Reporting & Control

• Oversee preparation of monthly, quarterly, and annual financial statements in line with SFRS and group reporting requirements
• Manage month-end and year-end close processes
• Maintain integrity of the general ledger, including reconciliations and financial controls
• Ensure compliance with internal financial policies and procedures

Statutory Compliance & Audit

• Lead external audits and act as key contact for auditors
• Ensure compliance with ACRA, IRAS, GST and corporate tax requirements
• Prepare and review statutory financial statements
• Liaise with company secretary on regulatory filings and governance

Tax & Regulatory

• Oversee GST filings and tax submissions
• Manage intercompany transactions and ensure appropriate treatment
• Support transfer pricing documentation and external tax advisors

Business Partnering

• Produce management reporting, including variance analysis and forecasting
• Provide financial insights to support operational and commercial decision-making
• Support budgeting and long-term planning

Cash Flow & Treasury

• Manage cash flow forecasting and working capital for all group entities
• Oversee banking and treasury activities for all group entities 

Systems & Process Improvement

• Drive improvements in finance systems and reporting processes
• Support ERP/system enhancements and data accuracy

Team Leadership)

• Support the Global Accounts Payable team
• Ensure effective delivery of finance operations

Qualifications & Experience

• AAT Level 4 qualified (or equivalent)
• Significant practical experience in financial control, reporting, and compliance
• Strong experience managing audits and statutory reporting
• Knowledge of IFRS / SFRS and tax compliance
• Experience in a multinational or multi-entity environment preferred
• Strong experience with treasury related activities

Skills & Competencies

• Strong technical accounting knowledge
• High attention to detail and control mindset
• Ability to manage multiple priorities and deadlines
• Strong communication and stakeholder management
• Hands-on, proactive approach

About the Role

We are partnering with a leading European multinational with a strong and growing presence across Asia Pacific to hire a commercially driven and tech-savvy FP&A professional to support regional business performance, financial planning and decision-making across multiple APAC markets.

This is an excellent opportunity for candidates who enjoy working with data, business partnering and regional exposure within a dynamic multinational environment.

Key Responsibilities

• Support regional budgeting, forecasting and management reporting processes across APAC
• To assist and support financial mid-term planning, annual budgeting and regular forecasting processes, consolidation, and reporting requirements
• Analyse trends, variances and operational KPIs to support business performance management
• Assist in business units reporting for the region, including but not limited to profitability by markets, sales reporting, margin variance analysis and sales pipeline assessments
• To assist in monitoring and analyzing key metrics, drive operational performance, support cost optimization and efficiency
• Prepare and enhance KPI dashboards and management reports
• Support reporting automation and data transparency initiatives using BI and digital tools
• Participate in regional projects and ad-hoc financial analysis

Requirements

• Degree in Accountancy, Finance or equivalent professional qualification
• Approximately 4–6 years of relevant FP&A, commercial finance or business controlling experience within MNCs
• Strong analytical and business insight capabilities with the ability to interpret financial variances, trends and anomalies across regional markets and business units
• Strong financial planning and forecasting discipline with high ownership of regional reporting and planning processes
• Structured thinker with strong problem-solving skills and the ability to prioritize effectively in a fast-paced, multi-country and matrix environment
• Strong stakeholder management and communication skills with the ability to partner effectively across functions, cultures and regional teams
• Tech-savvy and comfortable working with large datasets, reporting automation and BI tools to drive data transparency and business insights
• Advanced Excel skills with exposure to BI tools and dashboard reporting
• Experience with SAP and AI-enabled reporting tools will be advantageous
• Hands-on, detail-oriented and commercially minded with a proactive and collaborative working style

Position:      BrandAdvisor(Retail)

Department:       Sales

Reporting line:   Head of Retail Sales               

Location:         Singapore

Area of business: Singapore

Key Responsibility:

Aiming to develop targeted brand awareness (creation of brand amplifiers and endorsers) and business generation (sales),the role will focus on developing and nurturing long-lasting relations with customers in a general extent – in particular with walk-in customers and related gathering circles – with ability to inspire through the uniqueness of V-ZUG luxury brand and products’ features, and capacity to design solutions and close sales deals.

The position is recognized as a professional brand advisor, mature and driven, with the ability to work independently to provide consultancy on solutions, onsite demonstrations on products and its most relevant features and advantages. V-ZUG Singapore operates 7 days a week.

Main Tasks and Responsibilities:

1. Inspire and close sales of walk-in customers.
2. Implement structured sales control and planning, always having the cockpit of Retail pipelines under control, with the ability to balance attention between short-term needs and mid-term objectives.
3. Monitor and benchmark activities from key competitors on Sales and Marketing, also as a matter of input for definition of distinctive sales strategy and brand proposition.
4. Lead, design, implement and execute sales strategies.
5. Proactively involve in branding activities, both in the brand experience and V-ZUG showroom targeting the whole stakeholders’ base.
6. The position actively stimulates enforcement of the highest standards of service by liaising with Service team, including installation / handover, to be recognized as the best in the market in all respects.
7. The position ensures strict enforcement – with no compromise – on ethical business and respect of V-ZUG brand and role in the market, in respect of pricings and payment policies. V-ZUG does not cordon any forms of fraud, corruption, and bribery of any kinds. The position must report immediately to management of any suspicions based on real evidence or solid insights.
8. Job requires this position at front desk duties in showroom and support colleagues during events in the showroom. V-ZUG emphasizes the culture of teamwork in the organization.
9. Provide weekly visit and sales reports.

10.  Achieve and exceed sales target KPIs set.

11.  Conduct onsite product demonstrations to end-consumers.

12.  Position also entails the upkeep of the showroom conditions in tip-top condition.

Requirements

-      Relevant experience, track-record of the abilities to develop D2C sales of products/services in the luxury segment preferred.

-      Elegant and has fine taste in-line with the role of a full representation of an international luxury brand.

-      Capability to inspire and influence with a personal approach for quality of life, taste and style.

-      Team player, though independent in making good judgment/decisions under pressure.

-      Self-motivated and result-driven, passion in the job with can-do attitude and yet always honest and with high integrity standards (and record).

-      Comprehensive English language skills, both written and verbal; able to communicate in Mandarin.

-      Diversity and Inclusion: We are committed to fostering a diverse and inclusive workplace. While all qualified candidates are encouraged to apply, we particularly welcome applications from male candidates to support our efforts in achieving a balanced representation within our team.

As a trusted Adviser, you carry the responsibility of advising your clients on all wealth matters to ensure that they achieve lifetime financial security and success. As your clients begin to recognise the positive impact you have on their lives, you will know you have succeeded professionally.

As an Adviser, you are a business owner and enjoy independence and the freedom to manage your time. You will benefit from the continuous support of our corporate divisions and Advisory Group Partners who will help you to develop and grow your business, including the support provided to help attain Professional Certifications.

Roles and Responsibilities:

• Be technically and professionally competent in a wide range of comprehensive financial services, with a focus on specialized services
• Provide advisory services on all wealth matters to clients
• Expand the client base and maintain strong relationships with existing clients
• Be ethical and trustworthy, maintaining at all times a high standard of integrity

Essential Skills:

• Be enterprising and industrious with a desire to establish a professional practice in wealth advisory and consulting
• Be a strategic thinker and problem solver with good interpersonal and relationship management skills
• Be able to communicate effectively; explain complex ideas/concepts to the layman with accuracy

Education and Professional Certifications:

• Bachelor’s degree in any discipline
• M5, M8, M8A, M9, M9A preferred (Support will be provided to attain these certifications)

Other Requirements & Pertinent Information:

You will be rewarded with attractive remuneration packages as you help to build a profitable and stable business together if you are willing to work hard.

We welcome fresh graduates and working professionals who has a keen interest for wealth advisory/investments and a desire to help others succeed financially.

We look forward to sharing more about how we can help you build a successful wealth advisory practice.

Kindly submit resumes in MS Word format to john@oaktree.com.sg with the following details:-

• Position applying for
• Current remuneration
• Expected remuneration
• Notice period
• Reason for Leaving

Oaktree Consulting

EA License No : 06C4642
EA Reg No : R1102621

We regret that only shortlisted candidates will be notified

Build Legacies. Change Lives. Grow Without Limits.

Singaporean families deserve trusted financial consultants—not salespeople—to navigate the complexities of CPF, protection planning, and retirement. At Andrew Ang & Associates, we turn financial complexity into lifelong family security.

Why this role is different:

We invest in your growth from day one. You can expect one-on-one mentorship, modern AI-powered workflows to streamline your impact, and a culture that measures success by the depth of client trust—not just numbers.

What you will do:

You will empower families to make confident, informed financial decisions, ensuring they are well-prepared for every stage of life with clarity and heart.

You are a great fit if you:

• Care deeply about making a tangible difference in people's lives.

• Are resilient, curious, and people-first in your approach.

• Are you looking for purpose, whether you are seeking a meaningful mid-career switch or a purposeful start to your professional journey?

Requirements:

• Singaporean or Singapore PR.

• Minimum 21 years old (compliance with MAS FAA-N26).

• GCE 'A' Level / IB Diploma / Polytechnic Diploma or equivalent.

• Fresh graduates and mid-career switchers are highly encouraged to apply.

We offer:

Flexible hours · Professional certification support · Direct mentorship · Uncapped growth

We are committed to fair and inclusive hiring in accordance with TGFEP guidelines.

Job Summary

Join ACE Internship to gain hands-on experience in financial services, develop entrepreneurial skills, and learn wealth and risk management concepts while crafting social media campaigns.

Internship Highlights:

• Apply wealth management and risk management concepts
• Develop entrepreneurial skills through practical experience and team collaboration
• Gain industry knowledge by participating in financial services projects and mentorship sessions
• Design and manage creative social media campaigns to enhance brand engagement

Required competencies and certifications

• Meet regulatory age requirement of at least 21 years old
• Hold full certification in GCE 'A' Levels, Polytechnic Diploma, or Degree (local certifications)

Preferred competencies and qualifications

• Demonstrate enthusiasm for learning and growth in the financial services industry
• Exhibit teamwork and communication skills to collaborate effectively within the internship program

Other Information

• Benefits:Attractive monthly allowance package
• Fully sponsored CMFAS exams
• Personalized 1-on-1 training and mentorship with successful industry practitioners

Job Description

HCBS Life is seeking motivated and client-focused individuals to join our team as Financial Consultants.

In this role, you will work closely with individuals and families to understand their financial goals and provide suitable financial planning solutions. Through structured training and mentorship, you will develop expertise in client relationship management, financial planning, and advisory services.

This opportunity is suitable for individuals seeking a long-term professional career in the financial services industry.

Key Responsibilities

• Build and maintain professional relationships with clients
• Conduct financial needs analysis and identify suitable planning strategies
• Assist clients in areas such as protection, savings, retirement, and wealth accumulation planning
• Prepare and review financial planning recommendations based on clients' objectives
• Provide ongoing support and regular reviews to ensure clients remain on track towards their financial goals
• Maintain accurate client records and documentation
• Participate in training, professional development programmes, and industry licensing requirements
• Ensure all advisory activities comply with regulatory and company standards

Requirements

• Singapore Citizen or Permanent Resident
• Minimum Diploma, A-Level, or Degree qualification in any discipline
• Strong communication and interpersonal skills
• Client-oriented with a willingness to learn and develop professionally
• Self-motivated and able to work independently
• Good organisational and time management skills
• Prior experience in financial services, sales, customer service, or relationship management is advantageous but not required

What We Offer

• Structured onboarding and training programme
• Mentorship from experienced financial services professionals
• Support for professional licensing and certification requirements
• Continuous learning and development opportunities
• Clear career progression pathway
• Flexible work arrangements
• Collaborative and supportive working environment

Preferred Traits

• Interest in financial planning and personal finance
• Strong relationship-building skills
• Professional, responsible, and adaptable mindset
• Growth-oriented and committed to continuous learning

- 9 Temasek Boulevard,038989

- Full Time

- Entry level

- 3 years experiences

- Fluent written and oral Mandarin

Roles & Responsibilities

Job Description:

The specific responsibilities for this position:

• Responsible for the operation of the company's accounting documents and vouchers, preparation of accounting statements, and coordination with the annual final accounts audit;
• Responsible for the work in accordance with the Singapore laws, regulations, policies and other requirements;complete tax declaration, cooperate with tax inspection and other matters
• Assist company business operation analysis, budget tracking
• Assist internal and external audit and internal control inspection, cooperating with audit and inspection requirements;
• Any other financial duties assigned from time to time.

Required Skills and Experience:

Additional Information:

• Career Level: Entry Level
• Qualification: Diploma, Advanced/Higher/Graduate Diploma
• Job Type: Full-Time, flexible work hours
• Job Specializations: Financial/Taxation
• Language：Fluent written and oral Mandarin

Job Summary

Provide comprehensive financial consulting by identifying client risks and delivering tailored protection, wealth accumulation, retirement, estate, and business advisory solutions to secure financial goals and legacy.

Responsibilities

• Identify clients’ potential financial risks and design protection solutions to safeguard against death, critical illness, disability, hospitalization expenses, income loss, and business risks.
• Develop and implement investment planning and regular savings strategies to help clients systematically build and diversify wealth aligned with their financial goals.
• Collaborate with clients to estimate retirement needs and create strategies that generate sustainable retirement income, preserve capital, manage inflation risks, and maintain lifestyle.
• Guide clients in estate and legacy planning by advising on wills, trusts, Lasting Power of Attorney (LPA), beneficiary nominations, and wealth distribution to ensure smooth wealth transfer.
• Advise business owners and corporations on keyman protection, shareholder protection, employee benefits, corporate insurance, business succession planning, and wealth extraction strategies to support business continuity and growth.